References

Bowman, R.  (1999, Dec. 16) For Endangered Mussels, World Now a little less Hostile Conservancy Buys 8 Acres of Habitat to Protect Species. Richmond Times Dispatch.  

Clinch River Valley Initiative. (2012). Clinch River Valley Initiative Action Plan.  Retrieved from:   http://clinchriverva.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/crviactionplandraftll12nov2012-1.pdf

Clinch River Plant webpage.  Retrieved December 2012, from http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Clinch_River_Plant#cite_note-scm-6

Clinch River Power Plant, Ash Pond Management Units, Appalachian Power, d/b/a American Electric Power.  Coal Combustion Residue Impoundment Round 9 - Dam Assessment ReportRetrieved from:   http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/industrial/special/fossil/surveys2/aep-clinch-river-final.pdf

Clinch-Powell Clean Rivers Initiative.  (2012).  Sustaining an American Natural Treasure.  Retrieved from:  http://vwrrc.vt.edu/cpcri/default.asp

Dewberry, Davis.  (2011) Final Coal Combustion Residue Impoundment Round 9- Dam Assessment Report Clinch River Plant  American Electric Power Carbo, Va. Retrieved from:  http://www.epa.gov/wastes/nonhaz/industrial/special/fossil/surveys2/aep-clinch-river-final.pdf 


Department of Environmental Quality.  Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Development for
the Upper Clinch River WatershedEngineering Concepts, Inc.  March 2004 VA.  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/ImplementationPlans/clinchip.pdf

Department of Environmental QualityTMDL Development Middle Clinch River Watershed, VA.  Last edit August 2012.  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/apptmdls/tenbigrvr/middleclinch.pdf

Eckert, N., Pinder, M.  Freshwater Mussel Survey of Three Sites at Cedar Bluff, Clinch River, Virginia: Augmentation Monitoring Sites - 2007.  Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, Wildlife Diversity Division. Last edit on March 13, 2009.  http://www.dgif.virginia.gov/awcc/freshwater-mussel-restoration/mussel-survey-report-2007.pdf

Endangered Species Act. U.S.C.A. §§1251.  Retrieved from:  http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/esa/esatext.html

Endangered Speices Act § 1531(b).  Retrieved from:  http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/esa/esatext.html

Endangered Species Act §4, U.S.C. § 1533.  Retrieved from:  http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/esa/esatext.html 


Environmental Protection Agency.  Envriofact:  List of Water Systems in SDWIS.  Retrieved from:   http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/sdw_query_v2.get_list?wsys_name=&fac_search=fac_beginning&fac_county=TAZEWELL&pop_serv=500&pop_serv=3300&pop_serv=10000&pop_serv=100000&pop_serv=100001&sys_status=active&pop_serv=&wsys_id=&fac_state=VA&last_fac_name=&page=1&query_results=&total_rows_found

Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Center.  2012. FMCC.  Retrieved from:  http://fishwild.vt.edu/mussel/

George Mason University & Tera Tech.  2004.  Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Development for the Upper Clinch River Watershed. Retrieved from:  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/apptmdls/tenbigrvr/clinchbc.pdf

Goudreau, S. E., Neves, R., J., Sheehan, R., J.  Effects of wastewater treatment plant effluents on freshwater mollusks in the upper Clinch River, Virginia, USA.   Hydrobiologia. Volume 252, Number 3 (1993)  http://www.springerlink.com.ezproxy.lib.vt.edu:8080/content/y463622430x2rj47/ 

Hampton, T.  (2010).  Clinch River.  Retrieved December 2012http://www.dgif.virginia.gov/fishing/waterbodies/reports/2010%20Clinch%20River%20Bio%20Rpt.pdf).

Jones, J., Neves, R., Ahlsted, S,. Mair, R.  Life history and propagation of the endangered dromedary pearlymussel (Dromus dromas) (Bivalvia:Unionidae). The North American Benthological Society.  http://fishwild.vt.edu/mussel/PDFfiles/jonesetal.pdf  

Jones, J., Neves, R., J., Patterson, M., A., Good, C., R.,  DiVittorio, A.  2001. A Status Survey of Freshwater Mussel Populations in the Upper Clinch River, Tazwell County, VA.  Banisteria.  No. 11.  Retrieved from:  http://fishwild.vt.edu/mussel/PDFfiles/Mussel_reprint.pdf

Latios, J., G.  (2002).  Natural Resources Law.  Westgroup.

Kilgore, F., Horton, S., F.  (2006). The Clinch River: A World-Class Treasure 2 ed., Mountain Heritage Inc. 

MapTech.  2011.  E.Coli Total Maximum Daily Loads in the Upper Clinch River Watershed in Tazewell County, Virginia (A Nested TMDL Approach).  Retrieved from:  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/apptmdls/tenbigrvr/upperclinch.pdf).


MapTech. (2012). TMDL Development Middle Clinch River Watershed, VA, 3-5.  Retrieved from:  

http://www.deq.virginia.gov/portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/apptmdls/tenbigrvr/middleclinch.pdf


McCown, D.  (2012, April 7).  Clinch River might become the site of Southwest Virginia’s newest state park.  Bristol Herald Courier.

The Nature Conservancy.  (2009).  Indian Creek Purchase Protects Rare Mussels and Expands Opportunity for Public Hiking Trail. Retrieved from:  http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/virginia/newsroom/indian-creek-purchase-protects-rare-mussels-and-expands-opportunity-fo.xml 

The Nature Conservancy.  (2012).  Southwestern Virginia: Clinch Valley Program.  Retrieved from:  http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/virginia/placesweprotect/clinch-valley-program-1.xml

The Nature Conservancy.  (2010).  Symposium Addresses Mussels and Mining.  http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/virginia/explore/mussels-mining.xml 

Richmond Times.   Dispatch Petroleum Leaks into Clinch River from Tanker Truck, (April 1, 1992) (accessed at 1992 WLNR 871795).

Salzman, J., Thompson, Jr., B., H.  (2010).  Environmental Law and Policy (Concepts & Insights Series) (3rd ed.)Foundation Press.


Tennis, J.  (2012, May 24).  Tennis Anyone?   Bristol Herald Courier. 

United States Code § 1531(b).  Retrieved December 2012 from:  http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/esa/esatext.html

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services. Freshwater Mussel Restoration: Clinch River.  Retrieved December 2012.  http://www.dgif.virginia.gov/awcc/freshwater-mussel-restoration/.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5 Virginia Field Office.  FINAL RESTORATION PLAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR THE CERTUS CHEMICAL SPILL NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT.  July 2004. http://www.fws.gov/northeast/virginiafield/pdf/contaminants/final%20Certus%20RP%20EA.pdf

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (2010)  Restoring the Clinch River Watershed, Tazewell, County, Virginia.  Retrieved from:  http://www.fws.gov/northeast/virginiafield/pdf/contaminants/20110120_final%20certus%20NRDAR%20fact%20sheet.pdf

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services.  Species By County Report. Retrieved December 2012.  http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/countySearch!speciesByCountyReport.action?fips=51185

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (2012).  Species Report. Retrieved from:  http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/TESSWebpageRecovery?sort=1

Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries.  (2012).  Aquatic Wildlife Conservation Center.  Retrieved from:  http://www.dgif.virginia.gov/AWCC/


Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation (2012).  State’s Water Wealth needs ProtectionRetrieved from:  http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/stormwater_management/nps.shtml

Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.  (2011).  E. coli Total Maximum Daily Loads in the Upper Clinch River Watershed of Tazewell County, Virginia.  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Portals/0/DEQ/Water/TMDL/apptmdls/tenbigrvr/upperclinch.pdf

Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.  (2012).  Chapter 7 Water Quality Programs. Retrieved from:  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Portals/0/DEQ/Water/WaterQualityAssessments/IntegratedReport/2012/ir12_Ch7.1_Pollution_Control_and_TMDLs.pdf

Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.  (2012).  Water Quality Assessment Integrated Report, Draft 2012 305(b)/303(d).  Retrieved from:   http://www.deq.virginia.gov/Programs/Water/WaterQualityInformationTMDLs/WaterQualityAssessments/2012305b303dIntegratedReport.aspx#maps

Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.  (2012). Impaired Waters List. Retrieved from:  http://www.deq.virginia.gov/fs2012/FactSheets.aspx?str=Tennessee+and+Big+Sandy+River+Basins|Clinch+River&style=0 

White, D. Clinch-Powell Clean Rivers Initiative. (2011).  The Nature Conservancy.Retrieved from:   http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/virginia/explore/mussels-count-clinch-powell-clean-rivers-initiative.xml

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